# include<iostream.h>
# include<graphics.h>
# include<conio.h>
# include<math.h>
void show_screen( );
void apply_scaling(constint,int [],constfloat,constfloat);
void multiply_matrices(constfloat[3],constfloat[3][3],float[3]);
void Polygon(constint,constint []);
void Line(constint,constint,constint,constint);
int main( )
{
int driver=VGA;
int mode=VGAHI;
initgraph(&driver,&mode,"..\\Bgi");
show_screen( );
int polygon_points[10]={ 270,290, 270,190, 370,190, 370,290, 270,290 };
setcolor(15);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
setcolor(15);
settextstyle(0,0,1);
outtextxy(50,415,"*** Use '+' and '-' Keys to apply Scaling.");
int key_code=0;
char Key=NULL;
do
{
Key=NULL;
key_code=0;
Key=getch( );
key_code=int(Key);
if(key_code==0)
{
Key=getch( );
key_code=int(Key);
}
if(key_code==27)
break;
elseif(key_code==43)
{
setfillstyle(1,0);
bar(40,70,600,410);
apply_scaling(5,polygon_points,1.1,1.1);
setcolor(10);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
}
elseif(key_code==45)
{
setfillstyle(1,0);
bar(40,70,600,410);
apply_scaling(5,polygon_points,0.9,0.9);
setcolor(12);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
}
}
while(1);
return 0;
}
void apply_scaling(constint n,int coordinates[],
constfloat Sx,constfloat Sy)
{
for(int count_1=0;count_1<n;count_1++)
{
float matrix_a[3]={coordinates[(count_1*2)],
coordinates[((count_1*2)+1)],1};
float matrix_b[3][3]={ {Sx,0,0} , {0,Sy,0} ,{ 0,0,1} };
float matrix_c[3]={0};
multiply_matrices(matrix_a,matrix_b,matrix_c);
coordinates[(count_1*2)]=(int)(matrix_c[0]+0.5);
coordinates[((count_1*2)+1)]=(int)(matrix_c[1]+0.5);
}
}
constfloat matrix_2[3][3],float matrix_3[3])
{
for(int count_1=0;count_1<3;count_1++)
{
for(int count_2=0;count_2<3;count_2++)
matrix_3[count_1]+=
(matrix_1[count_2]*matrix_2[count_2][count_1]);
}
}
{
if(n>=2)
{
Line(coordinates[0],coordinates[1],
coordinates[2],coordinates[3]);
for(int count=1;count<(n-1);count++)
Line(coordinates[(count*2)],coordinates[((count*2)+1)],
coordinates[((count+1)*2)],
coordinates[(((count+1)*2)+1)]);
}
}
{
int color=getcolor( );
int x1=x_1;
int y1=y_1;
int x2=x_2;
int y2=y_2;
if(x_1>x_2)
{
x1=x_2;
y1=y_2;
x2=x_1;
y2=y_1;
}
int dx=abs(x2-x1);
int dy=abs(y2-y1);
int inc_dec=((y2>=y1)?1:-1);
if(dx>dy)
{
int two_dy=(2*dy);
int two_dy_dx=(2*(dy-dx));
int p=((2*dy)-dx);
int x=x1;
int y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,color);
while(x<x2)
{
x++;
if(p<0)
p+=two_dy;
else
{
y+=inc_dec;
p+=two_dy_dx;
}
putpixel(x,y,color);
}
}
else
{
int two_dx=(2*dx);
int two_dx_dy=(2*(dx-dy));
int p=((2*dx)-dy);
int x=x1;
int y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,color);
while(y!=y2)
{
y+=inc_dec;
if(p<0)
p+=two_dx;
else
{
x++;
p+=two_dx_dy;
}
putpixel(x,y,color);
}
}
}
{
setfillstyle(1,1);
bar(218,26,413,38);
settextstyle(0,0,1);
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(5,5,"*************************************************************");
outtextxy(5,17,"*-*********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,29,"*------------------------ -------------------------*");
outtextxy(5,41,"*-********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,53,"*-*********************************************************-*");
setcolor(11);
outtextxy(226,29,"Scaling Transformation");
setcolor(15);
for(int count=0;count<=30;count++)
outtextxy(5,(65+(count*12)),"*-* *-*");
outtextxy(5,438,"*-******************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,450,"*------------------------- -------------------------*");
outtextxy(5,462,"***********************************************************");
setcolor(12);
outtextxy(229,450,"Press any Key to exit.");
}# include<iostream.h>
# include<graphics.h>
# include<conio.h>
# include<math.h>
void show_screen( );
void apply_scaling(constint,int [],constfloat,constfloat);
void multiply_matrices(constfloat[3],constfloat[3][3],float[3]);
void Polygon(constint,constint []);
void Line(constint,constint,constint,constint);
int main( )
{
int driver=VGA;
int mode=VGAHI;
initgraph(&driver,&mode,"..\\Bgi");
show_screen( );
int polygon_points[10]={ 270,290, 270,190, 370,190, 370,290, 270,290 };
setcolor(15);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
setcolor(15);
settextstyle(0,0,1);
outtextxy(50,415,"*** Use '+' and '-' Keys to apply Scaling.");
int key_code=0;
char Key=NULL;
do
{
Key=NULL;
key_code=0;
Key=getch( );
key_code=int(Key);
if(key_code==0)
{
Key=getch( );
key_code=int(Key);
}
if(key_code==27)
break;
elseif(key_code==43)
{
setfillstyle(1,0);
bar(40,70,600,410);
apply_scaling(5,polygon_points,1.1,1.1);
setcolor(10);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
}
elseif(key_code==45)
{
setfillstyle(1,0);
bar(40,70,600,410);
apply_scaling(5,polygon_points,0.9,0.9);
setcolor(12);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
}
}
while(1);
return 0;
}
void apply_scaling(constint n,int coordinates[],
constfloat Sx,constfloat Sy)
{
for(int count_1=0;count_1<n;count_1++)
{
float matrix_a[3]={coordinates[(count_1*2)],
coordinates[((count_1*2)+1)],1};
float matrix_b[3][3]={ {Sx,0,0} , {0,Sy,0} ,{ 0,0,1} };
float matrix_c[3]={0};
multiply_matrices(matrix_a,matrix_b,matrix_c);
coordinates[(count_1*2)]=(int)(matrix_c[0]+0.5);
coordinates[((count_1*2)+1)]=(int)(matrix_c[1]+0.5);
}
}
constfloat matrix_2[3][3],float matrix_3[3])
{
for(int count_1=0;count_1<3;count_1++)
{
for(int count_2=0;count_2<3;count_2++)
matrix_3[count_1]+=
(matrix_1[count_2]*matrix_2[count_2][count_1]);
}
}
{
if(n>=2)
{
Line(coordinates[0],coordinates[1],
coordinates[2],coordinates[3]);
for(int count=1;count<(n-1);count++)
Line(coordinates[(count*2)],coordinates[((count*2)+1)],
coordinates[((count+1)*2)],
coordinates[(((count+1)*2)+1)]);
}
}
{
int color=getcolor( );
int x1=x_1;
int y1=y_1;
int x2=x_2;
int y2=y_2;
if(x_1>x_2)
{
x1=x_2;
y1=y_2;
x2=x_1;
y2=y_1;
}
int dx=abs(x2-x1);
int dy=abs(y2-y1);
int inc_dec=((y2>=y1)?1:-1);
if(dx>dy)
{
int two_dy=(2*dy);
int two_dy_dx=(2*(dy-dx));
int p=((2*dy)-dx);
int x=x1;
int y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,color);
while(x<x2)
{
x++;
if(p<0)
p+=two_dy;
else
{
y+=inc_dec;
p+=two_dy_dx;
}
putpixel(x,y,color);
}
}
else
{
int two_dx=(2*dx);
int two_dx_dy=(2*(dx-dy));
int p=((2*dx)-dy);
int x=x1;
int y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,color);
while(y!=y2)
{
y+=inc_dec;
if(p<0)
p+=two_dx;
else
{
x++;
p+=two_dx_dy;
}
putpixel(x,y,color);
}
}
}
{
setfillstyle(1,1);
bar(218,26,413,38);
settextstyle(0,0,1);
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(5,5,"************************************************************");
outtextxy(5,17,"*-********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,29,"*------------------------ -------------------------*");
outtextxy(5,41,"*-*********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,53,"*-*********************************************************-*");
setcolor(11);
outtextxy(226,29,"Scaling Transformation");
setcolor(15);
for(int count=0;count<=30;count++)
outtextxy(5,(65+(count*12)),"*-* *-*");
outtextxy(5,438,"*-*********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,450,"*------------------------- -------------------------*");
outtextxy(5,462,"*************************************************************");
setcolor(12);
outtextxy(229,450,"Press any Key to exit.");
}
# include<graphics.h>
# include<conio.h>
# include<math.h>
void show_screen( );
void apply_scaling(constint,int [],constfloat,constfloat);
void multiply_matrices(constfloat[3],constfloat[3][3],float[3]);
void Polygon(constint,constint []);
void Line(constint,constint,constint,constint);
int main( )
{
int driver=VGA;
int mode=VGAHI;
initgraph(&driver,&mode,"..\\Bgi");
show_screen( );
int polygon_points[10]={ 270,290, 270,190, 370,190, 370,290, 270,290 };
setcolor(15);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
setcolor(15);
settextstyle(0,0,1);
outtextxy(50,415,"*** Use '+' and '-' Keys to apply Scaling.");
int key_code=0;
char Key=NULL;
do
{
Key=NULL;
key_code=0;
Key=getch( );
key_code=int(Key);
if(key_code==0)
{
Key=getch( );
key_code=int(Key);
}
if(key_code==27)
break;
elseif(key_code==43)
{
setfillstyle(1,0);
bar(40,70,600,410);
apply_scaling(5,polygon_points,1.1,1.1);
setcolor(10);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
}
elseif(key_code==45)
{
setfillstyle(1,0);
bar(40,70,600,410);
apply_scaling(5,polygon_points,0.9,0.9);
setcolor(12);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
}
}
while(1);
return 0;
}
void apply_scaling(constint n,int coordinates[],
constfloat Sx,constfloat Sy)
{
for(int count_1=0;count_1<n;count_1++)
{
float matrix_a[3]={coordinates[(count_1*2)],
coordinates[((count_1*2)+1)],1};
float matrix_b[3][3]={ {Sx,0,0} , {0,Sy,0} ,{ 0,0,1} };
float matrix_c[3]={0};
multiply_matrices(matrix_a,matrix_b,matrix_c);
coordinates[(count_1*2)]=(int)(matrix_c[0]+0.5);
coordinates[((count_1*2)+1)]=(int)(matrix_c[1]+0.5);
}
}
constfloat matrix_2[3][3],float matrix_3[3])
{
for(int count_1=0;count_1<3;count_1++)
{
for(int count_2=0;count_2<3;count_2++)
matrix_3[count_1]+=
(matrix_1[count_2]*matrix_2[count_2][count_1]);
}
}
{
if(n>=2)
{
Line(coordinates[0],coordinates[1],
coordinates[2],coordinates[3]);
for(int count=1;count<(n-1);count++)
Line(coordinates[(count*2)],coordinates[((count*2)+1)],
coordinates[((count+1)*2)],
coordinates[(((count+1)*2)+1)]);
}
}
{
int color=getcolor( );
int x1=x_1;
int y1=y_1;
int x2=x_2;
int y2=y_2;
if(x_1>x_2)
{
x1=x_2;
y1=y_2;
x2=x_1;
y2=y_1;
}
int dx=abs(x2-x1);
int dy=abs(y2-y1);
int inc_dec=((y2>=y1)?1:-1);
if(dx>dy)
{
int two_dy=(2*dy);
int two_dy_dx=(2*(dy-dx));
int p=((2*dy)-dx);
int x=x1;
int y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,color);
while(x<x2)
{
x++;
if(p<0)
p+=two_dy;
else
{
y+=inc_dec;
p+=two_dy_dx;
}
putpixel(x,y,color);
}
}
else
{
int two_dx=(2*dx);
int two_dx_dy=(2*(dx-dy));
int p=((2*dx)-dy);
int x=x1;
int y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,color);
while(y!=y2)
{
y+=inc_dec;
if(p<0)
p+=two_dx;
else
{
x++;
p+=two_dx_dy;
}
putpixel(x,y,color);
}
}
}
{
setfillstyle(1,1);
bar(218,26,413,38);
settextstyle(0,0,1);
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(5,5,"*************************************************************");
outtextxy(5,17,"*-*********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,29,"*------------------------ -------------------------*");
outtextxy(5,41,"*-********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,53,"*-*********************************************************-*");
setcolor(11);
outtextxy(226,29,"Scaling Transformation");
setcolor(15);
for(int count=0;count<=30;count++)
outtextxy(5,(65+(count*12)),"*-* *-*");
outtextxy(5,438,"*-******************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,450,"*------------------------- -------------------------*");
outtextxy(5,462,"***********************************************************");
setcolor(12);
outtextxy(229,450,"Press any Key to exit.");
}# include<iostream.h>
# include<graphics.h>
# include<conio.h>
# include<math.h>
void show_screen( );
void apply_scaling(constint,int [],constfloat,constfloat);
void multiply_matrices(constfloat[3],constfloat[3][3],float[3]);
void Polygon(constint,constint []);
void Line(constint,constint,constint,constint);
int main( )
{
int driver=VGA;
int mode=VGAHI;
initgraph(&driver,&mode,"..\\Bgi");
show_screen( );
int polygon_points[10]={ 270,290, 270,190, 370,190, 370,290, 270,290 };
setcolor(15);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
setcolor(15);
settextstyle(0,0,1);
outtextxy(50,415,"*** Use '+' and '-' Keys to apply Scaling.");
int key_code=0;
char Key=NULL;
do
{
Key=NULL;
key_code=0;
Key=getch( );
key_code=int(Key);
if(key_code==0)
{
Key=getch( );
key_code=int(Key);
}
if(key_code==27)
break;
elseif(key_code==43)
{
setfillstyle(1,0);
bar(40,70,600,410);
apply_scaling(5,polygon_points,1.1,1.1);
setcolor(10);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
}
elseif(key_code==45)
{
setfillstyle(1,0);
bar(40,70,600,410);
apply_scaling(5,polygon_points,0.9,0.9);
setcolor(12);
Polygon(5,polygon_points);
}
}
while(1);
return 0;
}
void apply_scaling(constint n,int coordinates[],
constfloat Sx,constfloat Sy)
{
for(int count_1=0;count_1<n;count_1++)
{
float matrix_a[3]={coordinates[(count_1*2)],
coordinates[((count_1*2)+1)],1};
float matrix_b[3][3]={ {Sx,0,0} , {0,Sy,0} ,{ 0,0,1} };
float matrix_c[3]={0};
multiply_matrices(matrix_a,matrix_b,matrix_c);
coordinates[(count_1*2)]=(int)(matrix_c[0]+0.5);
coordinates[((count_1*2)+1)]=(int)(matrix_c[1]+0.5);
}
}
constfloat matrix_2[3][3],float matrix_3[3])
{
for(int count_1=0;count_1<3;count_1++)
{
for(int count_2=0;count_2<3;count_2++)
matrix_3[count_1]+=
(matrix_1[count_2]*matrix_2[count_2][count_1]);
}
}
{
if(n>=2)
{
Line(coordinates[0],coordinates[1],
coordinates[2],coordinates[3]);
for(int count=1;count<(n-1);count++)
Line(coordinates[(count*2)],coordinates[((count*2)+1)],
coordinates[((count+1)*2)],
coordinates[(((count+1)*2)+1)]);
}
}
{
int color=getcolor( );
int x1=x_1;
int y1=y_1;
int x2=x_2;
int y2=y_2;
if(x_1>x_2)
{
x1=x_2;
y1=y_2;
x2=x_1;
y2=y_1;
}
int dx=abs(x2-x1);
int dy=abs(y2-y1);
int inc_dec=((y2>=y1)?1:-1);
if(dx>dy)
{
int two_dy=(2*dy);
int two_dy_dx=(2*(dy-dx));
int p=((2*dy)-dx);
int x=x1;
int y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,color);
while(x<x2)
{
x++;
if(p<0)
p+=two_dy;
else
{
y+=inc_dec;
p+=two_dy_dx;
}
putpixel(x,y,color);
}
}
else
{
int two_dx=(2*dx);
int two_dx_dy=(2*(dx-dy));
int p=((2*dx)-dy);
int x=x1;
int y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,color);
while(y!=y2)
{
y+=inc_dec;
if(p<0)
p+=two_dx;
else
{
x++;
p+=two_dx_dy;
}
putpixel(x,y,color);
}
}
}
{
setfillstyle(1,1);
bar(218,26,413,38);
settextstyle(0,0,1);
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(5,5,"************************************************************");
outtextxy(5,17,"*-********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,29,"*------------------------ -------------------------*");
outtextxy(5,41,"*-*********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,53,"*-*********************************************************-*");
setcolor(11);
outtextxy(226,29,"Scaling Transformation");
setcolor(15);
for(int count=0;count<=30;count++)
outtextxy(5,(65+(count*12)),"*-* *-*");
outtextxy(5,438,"*-*********************************************************-*");
outtextxy(5,450,"*------------------------- -------------------------*");
outtextxy(5,462,"*************************************************************");
setcolor(12);
outtextxy(229,450,"Press any Key to exit.");
}
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